Sunday, July 28, 2019
Describe a companys obligations to protect that information and the Essay
Describe a companys obligations to protect that information and the techniques and tools that can use to accomplish that task - Essay Example People are making purchases online, making transactions through net banking and playing the share market through the net. The net is being used for every conceivable financial, social and cultural interaction. Every time there is an online interaction or an online transaction the consumer has divulge some information to the business that he or she is dealing with. In certain financial sectors such as banking and insurance, very sensitive consumer information is handled and stored by businesses. As the computer and the Internet become ubiquitous the volume of such sensitive consumer information increases at a very rapid pace. Proper safeguard of this sensitive consumer information is an issue that is gaining increasing importance. If such information is used arbitrarily or falls into the wrong hands, it could result in very drastic consequences for the consumer. On the Internet, the digital or virtual presence of an individual is established by the digital or virtual identity of the individual. The digital identity of an individual is defined by a set of parameters including the individual’s Social Security Number, bank account information, credit card information, etc. If these parameters are known to a second individual, he or she may falsely assume the identity of the original individual and carry out financial and other transaction on behalf of the original individual. These transactions could result in huge financial and other losses for the victim and unlawful gains for the perpetrator. The perpetrator thus indulges in identity theft of the victim. Again, sensitive information of the consumer, financial or otherwise, could be unscrupulously utilized to gain business advantage or make profits at the cost of the consumer. Measures, therefore had to be adopted, and rules and regulations formulated so that care is taken by all busi nesses to provide adequate protection and safeguards to consumer information in their possession. The
Saturday, July 27, 2019
Political Philosophy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words
Political Philosophy - Essay Example What is the rationalization of political authority? Why should man abide by government rules? Some have emphasized the need for order and protection as the answer to these questions. Nonetheless, many other answers have been offered towards the justification of government including Robert Wolff’s anarchist answer, Hobbes absolutist answer, and John Locke’s democratic answer. According to the anarchist answer, the state does not have the mandate to impose all its wishes upon an individual. In essence, autonomy is a primary moral need; therefore, the state has no right to go against it in any way. Robert Wolff’s â€Å"In Defense of anarchism†concurs with the idea that the state has no moral authority over any individual. On the other hand, the Absolutist answer describes that the state of nature, without political security is barbarous, dangerous, as well as, impoverished, that is rational to give major freedom to the government or state in order to gain se curity or peace. Hobbes agrees with this statement in his â€Å"Leviathan†. In the Democratic Answer, John Locke concurs with Hobbes when he states that individuals can contract with the government in order to give up on some freedom in exchange of security. Nonetheless, he disagrees with him on the degree of which people should surrender to the state. According to Locke, it is illogical to give up natural rights to representation, property, life and other goods, than slavery to the government. Political philosophy seeks to question the legitimacy of taxation, state’s authority, and the best form of government. ... 2.1 The Meaning of Political Authority Politics refers to the exercise of state’s power; therefore, political philosophy is the philosophy of the state (Pojman, 482). What is the state? Wolff defines the state as a group of individuals that possesses and practices the supreme authority over a specific population or within a certain territory. Therefore, the state may include every individual who falls under its jurisdiction. Two terms emerge from this definition, authority and power. Authority refers to the right to command while power means the ability to command compliance. A government has the right to tax its subjects because it has authority over them. Claiming authority means claiming the right to be obeyed (Pojman, 482-3). The expression authority, nonetheless, is ambiguous since it has both a normative and descriptive sense. Arguably, the state is the highest authority; however, its right to authority appears to be less than absolute. The individual who issues the comm and acts as the occasion for one to become aware of their duty, which is different from the idea that the government has a right to command. Men in de facto states believe in the existence of justifiable authority. However, they may all be wrong since such states may never be in existence. 2.2 The Idea of Autonomy Moral philosophy assumes that men ought to choose how they shall act, in some sense (Pojman, 483). Being responsible is all about trying to determine what one should do, which requires criticizing principles, predicting outcomes, gaining knowledge, and reflecting on motives among many other things. Every person with both reason and free will is obliged to take responsibility for every action, although he may not be actively continuing to reflect,
Friday, July 26, 2019
Chinatown (1974) - dir. Roman Polanski Movie Review
Chinatown (1974) - dir. Roman Polanski - Movie Review Example The film’s story line Ladd (Evelyn Mulwray) hires Gittes, a private investigator, to conduct marriage surveillance on Hollis Mulwray, Ladd’s husband. Gittes follows Hollis’ moves, takes pictures of him with a young woman, and hears him oppose the development of new reservoir that makes the headline of the following newspaper. A beautiful woman confronts Gittes in his office; she claims to be the real Evelyn Mulwray and he can anticipate a lawsuit. He notices it is a set up and Gittes wants to establish the person behind it and his investigations guides him to Mulwray’s drowned body. Gittes suspects murder, he investigates and realizes that every night, huge quantities of water are released from the reservoir, and the land is almost dry. Gittes realizes that Hollis was once a business partner of Noah Cross (John Huston), his father. Noah Cross promises to give Gittes a huge amount if he succeeds in looking for Hollis’ missing girlfriend. Ending and t wists in the film As Gittes investigates the missing of Hollis’ girlfriend, he discovers that many orange groves have transformed their ownership in San Fernando. When Gittes visits San Fernando Valley, he is confronted and beaten by angry landowners who thought that he was from the water department that had been destroying and poisoning their water reservoirs to force them out of their land. Gittes finds out that Mulwray was killed when he knew that the new water tank would be used to irrigate newly bought properties. Gittes unravels a murder drama, which looks to be linked to the water reservoirs in San Fernando Valley. The conspiracy that Gittes unravels does not fit a real noir crime film because there is the absence of high-speed loot, no gems, and jewels. Instead, Cross and other people are planning to dry up the San Fernando Valley by moving water to another direction in order to purchase the land cheaply, and then re-divert water back into the land so that the land be comes fertile, and sell it at a higher price. The central question is how Evelyn Mulwray fits in all these activities and who is this mysterious woman associated with Mulwray. Characters in the movie include: Jack Nicholson (Jake Gittes), Darrell Zwerling (Hollis Mulwray), Faye Dunaway (Evelyn Mulwray), and John Huston (Noah Cross). The characters in the film are credible and well written. These effects are executed well in that every conversation is memorable and well drafted. For instance, the choice of John Huston for performing the role of Cross was an informed one in that he perfectly understands his role - an amoral person whose good nature cannot hide the issue of corruption that follows him in the entire film. From the start of the film, Cross is the movie’s villain and one of Chinatown mesmerizing denizens. Faye Dunaway fits her role in that she plays Evelyn with the right amount of passion and ambiguity, which gives the viewers the impression that she is the femme f atale. The movie had slower pace than expected, but apart from this small issue, it was flawless. The plot of the film is enormous, involving, and interesting. The film’s pace, although not too fast, is acceptable since there are scenes and sequence that are really exciting and intense. Why the film does well The film is good in the sense that when the plot does not pick up well, Roman Polanski keeps viewers’
Thursday, July 25, 2019
Procter & Gamble Company Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words
Procter & Gamble Company - Research Paper Example The company, which has been in the industry for 174 years, has earned a great number of recognitions over the years. These included, to cite a few, a 6th ranking on Fortune’s â€Å"Global Most Admired Companies†, a 2nd on Fortune’s â€Å"Top Companies for Leaders†survey, top rankings on the Dow Jones Sustainability Index from 2000 to 2010, and most innovative manufacturer in the consumer packaged goods industry for the last decade given by the Symphony IRI group. In addition, P&G has also been recognized by the National Association for Female Executives (Top 50 Companies for Executive Women) and Black Enterprise magazine (40 Best Companies for Diversity); awards related to creating a diverse workplace. On top of that, P&G has been consistently a member of the Billion Dollar Roundtable, made up of 17 corporations that spend more than $1 billion annually with diverse suppliers, since 2005 (Procter & Gamble Co., 2011). P&G serves consumer, household and phar maceutical goods to consumers in more than 180 countries. Having around 127,000 employees for ground operations in 80 countries (Procter & Gamble Co., 2011) , the company makes at least 250 brands in six main categories: laundry and cleaning (detergents), paper goods (toilet paper), beauty care (cosmetics and shampoos), food and beverages (coffee and snacks), feminine care (sanitary towels) and health care (toothpaste and medicine), (Corporate Watch , 2002). Among the quality and leadership brands manufactured by the company are Ivory, Pampers, Tide, Ariel, Always, Whisper, Pantene, Folgers, Charmin, Downy, Lenor, Iams, Crest, Oral B, Actonel, Duracell, Olay, head & Shoulders, Wella, Gilette, and Braun (Procter & Gamble Co., 2006). History P&G has changed the lifestyle of consumers worldwide, the history of which can be rooted way back in 1837 in Cincinnati, Ohio. William Procter, who was originally from England, and James Gamble, an immigrant from Ireland, had crossed paths when th ey married sisters Olivia and Elizabeth Norris (Procter & Gamble Co., 2006). The partnership of the two was suggested by their mutual father-in-law, Alexander Norris, who stated that both William’s trade, candle making and James’ which was soap making would utilize lye from animal fat and wood ashes that were prominent in Cincinnati (FundingUniverse, 2003). At that time of the business establishment, Williams and James used a forward-looking approach despite the financial panic across US wherein banks were bankrupt and competition among soap and candle makers were tough. Despite the years leading to civil war in the 1850s, P&G was able to obtain large contracts from the national government to provide the Union army with soap and candle products (Dyer, Dalzell, & Olegario, 2004). Furthermore, Williams and James’ company was able to start one of the first profit-sharing programs in the US, and also invested in a research laboratory (Procter & Gamble Co., 2006). It was in the 1890s when P&G developed and sold 30 different types of soap, which included the famous brand Ivory and soaps for dishwashing and washing clothes. The effective advertisements of the products through the use of radio â€Å"soap operas†, product sampling and promotional premiums increased the demand which led to expansion of operations in Kansas City, Kansas and Ontario, Canada. Another world-wide known product introduced by P&G in 1946 was Tide. The introduction of Tide was remarkably successful which paved the way to having new markets across continents (Procter & Gamble Co., 2006). A few years following the sensation of Tide, several products were brought into the market. The first fluoride toothpaste, Crest, became popularly known as it was endorsed by the American Dental
Wednesday, July 24, 2019
There is a real danger of a house price bubble in London. Discuss Essay - 11
There is a real danger of a house price bubble in London. Discuss - Essay Example House price increase in London indicates that property dealing in London is not a sustainable one. London house prices are becoming unaffordable by citizens as well as immigrants (Ogonna, Chris and Charles, 2013). The house prices are currently eight times higher than that of salary of first time buyer. It has been observed that house prices have a significant impact on economy and banking sector of a geographical region. Increase in house prices clearly denote that middle income group is not being able to purchase a house in London or nearby locations (Tyson, 2003). On the other hand, increased house prices in London are not only a problem for this region but shall also have an impact on surrounding regions. The house price bubble is well represented in figure 1. It is clearly evident that demand towards real estate is significantly high in London. Domestic and overseas demand in London is high so as to sustain real estate selling. People having normal wages are not able to afford f lats or residential places in London. First-time buyer average increased to  £159,804 in the previous financial year. A speculative bubble shall be formed in the coming years due to high prices of houses in London. It is a real danger since maximum percentage of individuals would not be able to afford such high priced houses (Telegraph Media Group Limited, 2015). This might adversely affect economic conditions due to lack of residential places in the region. The argument is based on increasing gap between wages and house prices. Individuals need to possess sufficient funds in order to afford housing property. Market demand in real estate sector of London is triggered through prices bid by investors and buyers being inclined towards purchasing real estate properties. In the present scenario, price of a house in London is approximately 600,000 pounds. Other region in UK accounts for low prices much below pre-crisis peak and hence there seems to be a little danger
Tuesday, July 23, 2019
Colonialism affect on South Asia Painting Essay
Colonialism affect on South Asia Painting - Essay Example The essay "Colonialism affect on South Asia Painting" discusses How European colonialism changed art and architecture. Decorated surfaces were used in identifying different cultures and the artisanship of people in the past. Due to the European colonialism, ways in which individuals express themselves through paintings changed in South Asia.Earthen architecture has been a canvas of surfaces decoration over the ages. In West Africa, earth was applied as texture patterns, relief decorations, and as vibrant paintings. In the South Asia, earthen paintings showed relief and elaborate decorative paintings. In Europe earthen paintings ware used in grace tombs, religious structures, and homes. In South Asia, due to the colonialism, the paintings were influenced and individuals started using the Europeans materials and greater varieties of plasters and paints started being used instead of the earthen paintings. The preservation of the old forms of paintings was difficult because of the hetero geneous characteristics of the paintings materials. European colonialism affected the panting forms of different cultures due to modernization. Many cultures abandoned their art. For instance, the colonialist introduces steel, which led to the abandonment of the major carved figures that were made from bones and stones. The introduction of wood and steel led to the increase in the production of art because carvers could easily elaborate on detail and motifs, which were not easy when using the traditional stones.
Monday, July 22, 2019
The Rise of the Star in the Wake of Hollywood’s Golden Era Essay Example for Free
The Rise of the Star in the Wake of Hollywood’s Golden Era Essay Introduction                       Hollywood has long been a place distinguished by the fulfillment of dreams that it offers to the large number of hopefuls who are longing to be artists. The fame and the fortune that Hollywood brings to its people and its subjects are rather large and too much inviting for the enthusiasts of the arts. The birth of filmmaking took place in the same place where the artists were also nurtured with the skills and competent skills that they now have in performing infront of their audiences and infront of cameras.            However beautiful it could be seen right now, it should be remembered that before the prestigious name of Hollywood came to reality, the creators of the said have passed a number of hardships in its history â€Å"dream factory†. The fact that it takes a lot of effort to make a dream come true, the ones who established Hollywood as a name that echoes the picturesque of perfect artistry, did a lot of job to attain their goals in making a name for the said place. Today, it could be noticed that Hollywood becomes the center of every news report in the world that gives color to television programming. Indeed, Hollywood’s establishment has made t possible for people around the world to enjoy a certain entertainment that brings ease to every depressed soul in the society.            This is the main reason why many people take interest n knowing how Hollywood came to be. How it all started and who were the ones who made it big in the first years of the Entertainment industry in the United States. The Fifty Golden Years of Hollywood’s history has long been the favorite subject that art enthusiasts and historians enjoy to tackle. The color of life that makes up the history of the said sector of the human civilization since the 1950’s has made it even more interesting even for local readers and viewers of Hollywood shows. A Background on Hollywood’s History as a Residential Place            Hollywood’s beginning has been more shifted on the agricultural nourishment that the place provides for the residents. However, when the 1880’s arrived, H.H. Wilcox has planned a new community that he has foreseen to grow n Hollywood. It was more of a community that is fit for wealthy people. Later on, the famous personalities from different parts of the United States and Europe began to see the said place as a fine residential area and began to settle there for good.            The Prospect Avenue has become a home for the famous ones such as Queen Anne, the Victorian residents and other more famous personalities. Since then, Hollywood has not been much the same as it has been when it first started as a simple community of agriculturists. More changes were still ready to happen in the coming years in the Hollywood History. The Beginning of Film Industry and Art Enthusiasm in Hollywood            During the year 1911, the first film studio has been established by the Nestor Company. The said studio was located at the corner of the Sunset and Grower streets. Nestor Company’s film studio began shooting the first films in the fine climate and ambiance of Hollywood. Since then, Hollywood began to take a name that is more suited for the artistic creation of the excellent movies that entertains the society.            The adjustments though were not that easy to accept especially for the older residents of Hollywood. Since some part of Hollywood’s area was still dedicated to agriculture, the changes that the film industry brings to the locals of the place brought several issues for the older and the newer residents of Hollywood. Later on, the agricultural sites in Hollywood began to be subdivided and then created into residential areas. The said agricultural place is now more famously known as the Hollywood Boulevard. More than this, there came the creation of skyrocketing buildings around the area that hosted most of the companies that intended to put up filmmaking studios around Hollywood.            Other establishments such as banks, grocery stores, restaurants and clubs as well as movie theaters were also established which naturally catered to the needs of the residents that are currently residing in Hollywood.            The architectural design of the buildings were both inspired by the playful personalities that resided in the place as well as the famous ones that were known during the two World Wars that mainly affected the art of filmmaking in the entertainment industry. The whole community has been offering all kinds of created building styles that show the extreme depiction of both glamour and sophistication that the place holds.            Everything became fit for the stars. However, when the movie stars began to have a better choice of residential offering in Beverly Hills, the said Hollywood life changed since the restaurants that were once found in the vicinity of the said place left with the stars and transferred to their customers’ area in Beverly Hills.            Hence, the Hollywood city’s ambiance changed to becoming a more industrialized, and business-centered community. Most of the filmmaking studios stayed in Hollywood while other industrial offices found the said city more inviting and suit for their profitable pursuits. Today, the social environment of Hollywood is more of a business-oriented area than that of a residential place as it has been before.            No matter how many changes has been taken in connection with the film industry, the buildings in the said area, which still holds the historical picture of the place is now being taken care of by the United States’ government as it has been officially noted in the national Register of Historic Places. Indeed, the said protection does not only intend to take care of the Historical background of Hollywood as a place for residents of the famous and the glamorous but it also offers to protect the colorful beginning of the history of the art of filmmaking in the said place. Yes, Hollywood was the place where all the artistic approach of entertainment in terms of filmmaking all started and continues to thrive at present. CHAPTER 2 The Glamour of the 50’s            It has only been the end of a big world account, the second World War’s effect on the American Society and the whole world as well, has not only been directed to the political aspects of the society but also towards the arts. It could be noted that during the war years, the created films were calmer and less provocative of mass rebellion. The years that covered the 1940’s has much control on the way that the films were presented to the public. The movies were characterized to be less presenting on the real accounts that happen on the society during that era. This is because of the filmmakers’ fear of being connoted as an industry that encourages the society to rebel or revolt against the authorities that presently control the society during those years.            However, when the war finally ended, the people or the viewers wanted more than just a calm presentation of the society. The fact that many among the people in the society were directly afflicted by the war years, the y wanted a more rebellious entertainment. Their emotional outpouring on the authorities who failed to end the war years at the least possible time that it have existed has inspired the filmmakers to present the actual emotional dispositions of the society.            Because of the idea of being finally free from the strife that the war brought upon the human society, the whole humanity aimed to show the pain that they used to feel during the times of the war. They aimed to show the public of the dreadful effects that the wars brought about to the lives of the people.            This is the reason why many of the films that were produced during the 1950’s introduced more expressive characters and settings that catered to the emotionally shifted themes of the movies during those certain times. Regarding this, an Internet site on the said film history placed it this way:            â€Å"In the period following WWII when most of the films were idealized with         conventional portrayals of men and women, young people wanted new and       exciting symbols of rebellion. Hollywood responded to audience demands the           late 1940s and 1950s saw the rise of the anti-hero with stars like newcomers    James Dean, Paul Newman (who debuted in the costume epic The Silver Chalice (1954)) and Marlon Brando, replacing more proper actors like Tyrone Power, Van Johnson, and Robert Taylor. [In later decades, this new generation of method actors would be followed by Robert DeNiro, Jack Nicholson, and Al            Pacino.] Sexy anti-heroines included Ava Gardner, Kim Novak, and Marilyn      Monroe an exciting, vibrant, sexy star.†(The Dawning of the 50’s, 2006)            Yes, the new-waved approach of the movie industry in presenting a more reality based programming system has opened ways to new artists to be known and introduced to the society as enthusiasts of the social interests. The young entertainment has also been catered by the film industry during this era.            James dean as for example became the most famous teenager artist. His skills in the craft of acting have made him a great name in the entertainment industry. The Said Internet site further adds:            â€Å"The anguished, introspective teen James Dean (1932-1955) was the epitome of adolescent pain. Dean appeared in only three films before his sudden death in      the fall of 1955. His first starring role was in Elia Kazans adaptation of John   Steinbecks novel East of Eden (1955) as a Cain-like son named Cal vying for            his fathers (Raymond Massey) love against his brother Aron.†(The Dawning of the 50’s, 2006).            Along with James Dean, came other young stars that also tried to portray the character of youngsters that the teenagers during those times wanted to present in the society. Young ones who are more expressive, more certain about the things that they want and more open towards their opinion of the society’s norms have been the main characters of the movie icons that have been shown through the films of the 1950’s.            As years pass, the film industry of the 50’s have been more open minded about the realities that are found in the human society. Cigar smoking, the use of fouls words and the fast-talks has been much related to entertainment of the 50’s era. Yes, the birth of a more socially oriented and reality-based programming has been introduced to the viewers during the years of the post-world war. The fondness of the society to actually see themselves symbolically through the characters of the artists that portray their roles in the movies have been the main idea of entertainment of those times. CHAPTER 3 The Big Ten of Hollywood’s Golden Years            The artists were not the only ones who have gained names during the Golden years of Hollywood’s history. The filmmakers and the people that contributed to the success of the entertainment industry who made the movie making possible also gained fame and dignity for themselves that have been remarkably incomparable among others who have been flourishing in the same industry through the years that followed before them.            The said ten personalities shall be introduced in the list that follows: Alvah Bessie (1940-2001)      He is a screenwriter who created themes for Warner Brothers studios, and some other studios, which he spent lesser times with. His enthusiasm in showing the       society of the post-war effects of the current issues that happened during his years has been completely phenomenal in the entertainment industry. His ability   if catering to the theme that most of the audiences in the society like to see in the      movies has created for him a name that goes around the extra ordinary in creating movie plots.      Among his works was Objective Burma (1945), Men in Battle, Spain Again       (book) and Spanish Civil War Notebooks (book, 1938). All the said works           became more focused on the experiences that he, along with his colleagues has    experienced during the war era. Herbert J. Biberman  (1950)            He is an American Director-Screenwriter who posted much enthusiasm on the showing f the side of the union workers regarding the social issues that concerns them. Because of this fact, the socialists mostly mistakenly accuse him of being a communist because of the theme of his movies. However, for the less-heard society, he was the epitome of a man who has made their voices heard to towards those who needed to address their needs. Lester Cole (1920-1960) Although he was considered to be among the less unfortunate members of the top ten of Hollywood’s Golden Years, he has also created ways by which some of the people in the society were directly addressed through his screenplays. Most of his movies catered to the dreams of most of the American people during his times. His ability of creating for himself a name in the industry identifies him as a sole creator of the film-art. Edward Dmytryk (1935-1960)            He started as a messenger in the Paramount pictures when he entered the Hollywood scene. Most of his movies were known to be of a theme that caters to the public idealisms of a fine society. The ability of the young ones to make a change and the fantasy-related dreams of people or the audiences has been mostly the main theme of his films. Ring Lardner, Jr. (1940-1970)            His movies mostly catered to the idealisms of the women population. The constant relation that he has posted towards the wants of the women in the society has earned him a credible name from the feminist groups of the society. Although he has been blacklisted for quite some time, his works has been undeniably incomparable. John Howard Lawson (1920-1964) His enthusiasm in filmmaking has been much shifted on the political theme of the movies that he created. The flaws of the government and the authorities that makes the up the government has made his works different form that of the others. Albert Maltz            He is known as a novelist who wanted to create stories that catered to the social views of the local audiences. Hence, most of his works were turned into movies that were widely accepted by the people. Samuel Ornitz (1923- 1930) He was a generally refined novelist who catered to the themes that affected the audiences as people and as members of the society. Although he has been blacklisted, his works became known to the public and was directly accepted by the audiences. Adrian Scott (1950) Screenwriter/producer Dalton Trumbo (1940-1970) He created films that are close to reality especially during the wart years. He was rather certain about his aim of letting the society know of the truth even though it was most dangerous during those times.            The big ten of Hollywood’s history has been much of a breakthrough to the usual programming that Hollywood has been catering to. They opened ways by which playwrights, screenwriters and directors could express their views through movies with much braver and determination to let the public know of the truth though artistic entertainment. CHAPTER 4 Conclusion            From the history of Hollywood’s most flourishing years, towards the present era, the entertainment industry that remains a resident in the Hollywood community has been proven to influence many people not only in the American society or regions but also in the whole world. The ability of the filmmaking industry to affect the lives of the people have been noted as the most effective way of creating opinions of the public regarding the social issue that are currently affecting the human society.            In the future, it is expected that Hollywood’s years of existence would continue to flourish and cater to the entertainment needs to he public. Not only as a source of relaxation but as a revelation to the reality that binds the human society’s current history. BIBLIOGRAPHY Books: David Bordwell. (2003). Film Art: An Introduction. McGraw-Hill Companies; 7th edition. G. Ellrod. (2001). Hollywood Greats of the Golden Years: The Late Stars of the 20s Through the 50s (McFarland Classics). McFarland Company; New Ed edition. Internet Sources: Mary Scott. (2003). The Hollywood Ten. http://www.lib.berkeley.edu/MRC/blacklist.html. (January 23, 2007). Historic Resources Group. (2005). A Short History of Hollywood. http://www.historicla.com/hollywood/history.html. (January 23, 2007). Film History of the 1950s. (2006). http://www.filmsite.org/50sintro.html. (January 23, 2007).
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