Robert frost- the road not taken Essay Example for Free

Robert frost- the road not taken Essay Life is full of obstacles that have been throw our way to see who is the strongest to survive, some make it to the end and some suffer more in the process. When people open up to different opportunities, it is the initial response by human nature to pick the opportunity that will give you the most benefit. The concept of having to pick between two paths has been identified in the poem â€Å"The Road Not Taken† by Robert Frost. There have been times when a person had to choose a specific path that they though they should take but the truth of the matter was it ended up being the wrong choice. In life it is normal for people to make mistakes because we were not created and put in this world to be perfect. Nothing in life can be prefect because there is sadness along side happiness. When reading this poem it is as if I am in this poem and I was watching from the sidelines but I can read into the poets mind. Poems like this are rare; the way they are told with such vivid imagery sets the scenery up in the readers mind. The diction Frost uses to describe the fall season so adequately and imbeds it in the poem to run it more smoothly. In the first stanza, Frost says â€Å"And looked down one as far as I could / To where it bent in the undergrowth†, with such poetic significance that he is looking as far as he can into the two roads on one autumn day. He implies that he is sorry in the second line because he has a form of regret that he cannot travel both of the roads laid ahead of him at once. Not only are these the paths to another day but also they are the paths to his future. That is when Frost freezes and has to decide which one would most benefit him. Now he is forced by his own willpower to stumble upon the second road to which he continues to talk about. By using play on words such as â€Å"just† and â€Å"fair† he confuses the reader. Frost has a powerful way of making a poem become a story line by having the reader interpret his thoughts. Frost has the power of using similes when he compares the roads to being fair. Moving through the second stanza he explains that he chose the second road only because he thought it was the rode less taken by any other human. He uses vivid phrases like â€Å"it was  grassy and wanted wear† which makes it known to the readers of this poem that the path he chose to take was the path that not a lot of other people took because it looked fresh without any footsteps. Right when the reader thinks he has figured the poet out, Frost goes and complicates our understanding by comparing the two paths and declaring them equal to one another. Like every great poet, the reader finds everything out line-by-line, which makes his writing more of a mystery than a straightforward poem. In the beginning of the third stanza we learn that it is in fact morning when Frost decides to take the road he has chosen. We figure that out because he writes, â€Å"And both that morning equally lay.† Does he realize that the reason why the road does not look used is because he might be the first person that day to take that path down to success or failure? Frost uses more fancy words in the poem to confuse us but really when he states â€Å"In leaves no step had trodden black.† he mentions the leaves haven’t turned black because people haven’t stepped on them or crushed them. Just like how the leaves survive the night, he compared it to himself in hopes that he will survive as well. Including an epiphany in the writing by saying â€Å"Oh, I kept the first for another day!† not only shows us regret but also shows us some hopes he has in going back one day and taking the road he did not choose the first time around. The next two lines where Frost wrote â€Å" Yet knowing how way leads on to way, / I doubted if I should ever come back.† really explain the chances of being able to go back are one in a million. It would be foolish of him to think he would have a chance at something that can change in a second. In the final stanza of this great and powerful poem, Frost changes the tense of this poem to where he is in the future looking back to his choices. He uses the word â€Å"sigh† that can portray many meaning as if he said it from happiness or sadness or he is just reflecting upon his experience. But when Frost states â€Å"Somewhere ages and ages hence:† it is obvious that this story he tells us, he will keep telling it many years from now. With a neat way of repeating the first line of the poem he brings his story to an end. The form repetition is used to help put emphasis on the importance of the poem and  with that he says â€Å"Two roads diverged in a wood, and I—â€Å" in which he compares himself to the road where he is standing. Frost reflects on his decision of taking the one less traveled in confidences that it has made him more unique. And he ended the poem by expressing his experiences and looking back into his decisions. Frost realizes that if he were to take the road not traveled he would not have experienced all that he did. This ending of the poem shows ambiguity because he wants the richest experience possible. Thinking back on this poem helps us understand life much more, the fact that life is full of irony. In particular to this poem, the title of the poem itself is ironic because it is called â€Å"The Road Not Taken† where in fact he puts more emphasis on the road he DID take. This whole poem has been based around dreams, choices, hopes, and plans for the future. The fact that he uses nature as his surrounding he is metaphorically comparing it to life itself. If you were to dissect this poem further, you would realize that the poem is contradicting the way it is set up. While reading a poem about paths and choices it really it only leads you to think of your own struggles you have been through. I never realized how much I have regretted some of the choices I have made in my life. The only difference between my life and this poem was that I had to choose between not one or two paths but three. It also gets harder to distinguish which path you want when all the paths give you exactly one thing you treasure most. This poem connects to me personally because when I was starting high school I had to make a decision whether I wanted to stay with the crowd of friends I had that included some friends my parents didn’t like or to make new friends which meant I had to open up to people, or initially take it one day at a time even if it meant to hurt my parents and go against their decisions. Ultimately it was somewhat of a loss to me because in any choice I made I lost something that was most important to me. I value friendship so much but I value my parents and their opinion so much more. Until this day I think about how my life would have been different if I didn’t make the decision I did. Life is honestly too short to live with regret but that does  not mean that there won’t be moments where you wish you had done something differently. I am proud of the path I chose and made new friends because in the end I was able to make my parents proud because they liked my new group of friends and I became apart of a new social circle. I never had anything handed to me in my life, whatever I wanted and wished for I was the one in charge for it. Just like Robert Frost I had to stand there and look as far as I could into my future to be able to make the choice that would be most right for me. Even though I lost so many friends that I was once close to, it helped me mature and also became a strong person. In this world we live in, we have to lose certain things to be able to gain more challenges that become second nature to us. The outcome of my choice of choosing to make new friends was that I gained more of my parents’ trust, attention, and love. Love is the most important thing other than health for a family to share. Frost showed me that in order to move forward in life, no matter how uncertain, you just have to give it a try and see what the outcome is. Sometimes it won’t be the outcome in which you wanted to acquire but it wont necessarily be one that you dread for the rest of your life. There will be moments where you will dwell on the past and hoped you had taken another road but you have to focus on the future. Looking back now, I do not regret the choice I made even if it involved losing some friends that had turned into family. Not everything in life is meant to be regretful. There are so many wonderful aspects of life we never figure out because we are too busy worrying about how difficult an obstacle may be. God and life itself puts obstacles in our way to show us we can overcome any hardships. I knew by making my choice to make new friends I myself would become a better person. Just like the ending of Robert Frost’s poem â€Å" And that has made all the difference.†

Relationship Between Marketing and Consumer Demand

Relationship Between Marketing and Consumer Demand From the past decades to the new 21st century, the global economy had grown vastly over the years and the organisations had come to a realization of the importance of customer demands and the need for marketing. For most of the companies, their main objective was to make a certain amount of profit. Profit can be earned by satisfying the customers’ need through the use of marketing philosophies. Hence, customer value is an essential component for marketers to examine through the process of producing a product/outcome. In order to understand marketing and consumer demand, we will have to first elaborate the concept of what is marketing and look at the customer values. And the remaining essay would elucidate the relationship between the two. No matter in what type of industries or how large were the organisations, the company would have a certain amount of skill in marketing. So, what is marketing? Most of the people may picture a salesman straight away as they believe marketing were equivalent to the word ‘selling’. However, selling was only one of the several functions of marketing. â€Å"Marketing is the activity, set of institution, and processes for creating, communicating, delivering, and exchanging offerings that have value for customers, clients, partners, and society at large.† (AMA, 2013) The first part of the definition, ‘activity, set of institution, and processes’ recognizes the broad scope of marketing. It indicates the roles/functions that need to be performed by marketers such as perform market researches and choosing target markets. The second part of the definition is ‘creating, communicating, delivering’. This suggests that marketing is to get the right goods and services to the right people at the right place at the right time at the right price (Elliott, Greg, Thiele Waller, 2012, ). This part of the definition included the creation and the delivery process of marketing. The third part of the definition ‘exchanging offerings that have value’ includes the process satisfying customers’ needs and wants through exchange which is one of the ways for individuals to get what they desired by offering certain things that the other party desired. For instance, money or other products. The last part of the definition â⠂¬Ëœcustomers, clients, partners, and society at large’ outlines the beneficiaries of the process of marketing. The benefits were not only received by the organisations and the consumers, the suppliers and the society can also gain benefits from marketing. The society can be benefited from marketing as marketing creates employments and society welfares and wealth as more people are spending and thus indirectly speeds up the GDP. Marketers have to perform functions such as identify the need, development of the product, pricing, distributing and promoting the product. Their main aim is to make selling superfluous. (Kotler Philip, 1983, p. 4) Apart from the definition, marketing can also be examined from the five philosophies of marketing. The production philosophy assumes the consumer would favor in the product and the main aim is to improve the efficiency of both production and distribution. The product philosophy looks at the quality of the product while assuming the consumers would favor the product. The selling philosophy involves organisations stimulate customer’s interests. The marketing philosophy questions the organisation, whether they did satisfy the customer’s needs efficiently and effectively or not compared with their competitors. And lastly, the societal marketing philosophy considers whether the organisation enhanced the consumer’s and the society’s well-being based on the marketing philosophy. For a product such as the Membership to Zoos Victoria, the marketers would have done market researches and targeted the membership to families and children as they had packaged a lot of benefits for children or family. For instance, there are 15% discounts from the stores in the zoo. Membership to Zoos Victoria also creates and deliver the good at the right time and right place, the product can be brought from online or at the zoo and even if the consumers purchased the membership after the visit to the zoo, they could get refunds for the ticket money. As mentioned in the previous, the zoo’s main target is family and children, as the kids can satisfy themselves while they visit the animals, the exchange was proceeded as the consumers, parents/families does gain happiness within the tour. Before we discuss about the customer value, I believe it is essential for us to understand value. Value is the worth, desirability or utility (Grà ¶nroos, C., 1997). On the other hand, customer Value is the difference between the benefits a customer sees from a market offering and the costs of obtaining those benefits (Quester, P., 2007). By all means, in order to make customers receive the benefits, they would have to give up certain things for the exchange of the product. In decree to get better acknowledged about the customer value, we can apply the diagram beneath. Functional/instrumental value is concerned with the products usability; the products unique characteristics and its desired function. This value is basically generated by the purchase and use of the product. Under the functional value, there are three main areas the correct attributes, appropriate performances and outcome. The correct attributes concerns with the characteristics a product has as consumers would prefer to buy a product that has the most suitable characteristics that they desired. Appropriate performances look at the quality of the product. So, the customer would be satisfied if the product is able to perform as well as it was appeared in its description. Lastly, the appropriate outcome considers whether the product reaches the outcomes that the consumer demanded. The experiential/hedonic value looks at the products ability in creating experiences, feelings and emotions of its users. For this value, there are four parts to it sensory, emotional, social/relational and epistemic. Some retailers focus on sensory value (such as aesthetes, ambulance, aromas, feel/tone) (Smith Mark, C., 2007). The third beneficial value is the symbolic/expressive value. This value is concerned with the extent to which the product gave its user a certain degree of self-worth or self-value. It is also a value that connects with personal meanings of the product to particular consumers. The social meanings of how the others think about you and conditional meanings such as Valentines rose or the dumplings that we have for Chinese New Year Festival. In order to have the benefits, customers also has cost/sacrifice values. This can be economic losses, risks associated with the product, personal investments and psychological losses. So, by knowing the customers concerns or hold back in the process of purchasing a product, the marketers would look at the costs and tries to minimize the costs so products can be sold more efficiently. For the Victoria zoos, its product: the mem bership of zoos Victoria has complied with the four values. The product does provide services/tours for its members and it has appropriate performance and outcomes (functional values). Furthermore, the membership also blends in with emotional, relational and epistemic values as the members can both enjoy the tour and learn knowledge about the zoo animals at the same time. It also helps to enhance the relationships between the consumers (families). It gave its consumers the experience to have a close interactions with the animals. The membership contains symbolic values as it carries out personal and social meanings. On the membership website, the campaign was focused on children or family relationship and it also mentioned about the fees for membership would be used for saving extinction animals. This would make the consumers of the zoo appears to be morally respectful to the society as they are indirectly helping/saving animals. Marketing and customer value has a close relationship. Customers are the core of marketing as the consumers would only buy products that they strongly desired. Thus, in order for the company to be successful, organisations would have to be customer orientated. Before organisations produce their product, a certain amount of market research would be made and these researches would have focused on the consumer needs. As more and more businesses had opened locally and globally, each organisation faces with a greater extent of competitions, no matter in quality, price or service. This growing fierce competition had led organisations to put strong emphasis on customer value and their needs. Therefore, when companies creating their product, they would put consumers values into the consideration so their product can outweigh the competitors’ products. The same concept was also adopted by the Victoria zoo, in their product, the membership to zoos Victoria. Consumers are able to receive benefits from the exchange process as their values being fulfilled by the product. For instance, members can visit new exhibits prior to the non-members, customers and there are 15% discounts for any purchase at the zoo stores. The consumer can also receive benefits such as the freedom to visit all the zoos in Victoria and there are special name cards for individual kids. These characteristics would satisfy most of the customers as they would feel being welcomed and well considered by the zoo. The zoo’s welcome letter also addresses themselves as a family, which would made consumers to felt being a part of a family. Overall, the membership of zoo Victoria is a successful product as its advertisement campaign was very well presented, there are considerations for the customer values and it adopts the marketing philosophies well through the product. For the purposes of gaining more consumers, the organisations must have a strong understanding in marketing, both as its definition and its five philosophies and in the concept of customer value. When marketing and customer values are being understood by companies, the organisation, customers and the society can all gain benefits from it as businesses can earn more profit, customers can enjoy their life by using the product and the society can gain benefits through the interactions between the two parties. Reference List America Marketing Association – AMA. (2013) Definition of Marketing. Retrieved from https://www.ama.org/AboutAMA/Pages/Definition-of-Marketing.aspx Elliott, Greg, Sharyn Thiele, and David Waller. Marketing. 2nd Ed. (pp. ) Milton, Qld.: John Wiley and Sons Australia, 2012 Kotler, Philip. Marketing and Human Needs. Marketing in Australia. (pp. 4) New York: Prentice-Hall, 1983 Grà ¶nroos, C. (1997), â€Å"Value-Driven Relationship Marketing: From Products to Resources and Competencies,† Journal of Marketing Management, 13 (5), 407–419. J. Brock, S., Mark, C. (2007) Customer value creation: a practical framework. Associate Professor of Service Management, Faculty of Business, University of Victoria, British Columbia, Canada Quester, Pascale G.. Chapter One. Marketing: creating and delivering value. 5th Ed. (pp. ) North Ryde, N.S.W.: McGraw-Hill Australia Pty Ltd., 2007. Smith and Colgate. (2007) Customer value creation: a practical framework, Journal of Marketing Theories and Practices. Vol 15, No. 1, pp 7-23

Loss: Hamlet’s Emotional Connection Tool Essay examples -- Literary An

The Tragedy of Hamlet Prince of Denmark by William Shakespeare is about a young man who is returning from his studies to mourn the death of his father. During this time he is visited by the ghost of his father and asked to avenge a â€Å"Murder most foul† (Shakespeare 1.5.33). In the play of Hamlet, we can recognize at least one element that has embroidered itself into the very fabric of modern literature: this element of particular importance is the protagonist’s ability to appeal to every viewer emotionally. In the play, the viewer develops emotional links with Hamlet following the many losses he or she witnesses, such as the loss of family, the loss of his childhood friends, the loss of trust in the world and ultimately the loss of innocence. The first loss we encounter is the loss of family; Hamlet arrives in Denmark to mourn the loss of his father. The loss of a parent affects many people very deeply, giving them in a sense of insecurity and complete sorrow. In the first scene with Hamlet, he is dressed all in black and speaks of the turmoil he feels: â€Å"O, That this too too solid flesh would melt, Thaw, and resolve itself into a dew† (1.2.133-134) This very vivid description adequately expresses the feelings experienced in times of loss. Hamlet is feeling alone now that his father is gone and his mother seems to have hastily moved on and he makes note of this in his first soliloquy: â€Å"O God, a beast that wants discourse of reason Would have mourn'd longer - married with my uncle†(1.2.154-155) Children often have difficulty with their parents remarrying following the death of the other parent. Christina Gregoire writes in her article concerning the impact of remarriage on adult children (older than eighteen), that a parent remarryi... ...changed and â€Å"The rest is silence† (5.2.395) Works Cited Bud. â€Å"Losing a Best Friend,† A Boundless World. 15 Sept. 2009. Web. 17 Jan. 2011. â€Å"Friendship or Betrayal.† http://www.echeat.com. 10 Apr. 2007. Web. 17 Jan 2011 Gregoire, Christina. â€Å"Adult Children of Divorce and New Step Parents,† Suite101. 25 Dec. 2009. Web. 17 Jan. 2011. â€Å"In the End, we will remember not the words of our enemies, but the silence of our friends†. http://www.quotedb.com/quotes/46. Web. 17 Jan. 2011. Schneider, Arthur J. â€Å"Adult Children of Divorce and New Step Parents,† University of Missouri Extension. 2009. Web. 17 Jan. 2011. Shakespeare, William. Hamlet. Ed. Barbara A. Mowat and Paul Werstine. New York: Washington Square- Pocket 1992. Print. Yager, Jan. â€Å"6 Types of Toxic Friends and How You Can Deal with Them,† iVillage Health. 25 Feb. 2003. Web. 17 Jan. 2011.

The reaction between sodium thiosulphate and HCL :: GCSE Chemistry Coursework Investigation

The reaction between sodium thiosulphate and HCL Aim - The aim of this experiment was to find out the rate of a reaction at different temperatures. - We also wanted to find out the rate of the reaction at a different temperature in bigger or smaller surface areas. Prediction - My prediction is, by increasing the temperature a reaction will happen more quickly. The more heat - The Faster reaction and more collision. The lower the temperature - The slower the reaction and less collision. GRAPH My Understanding Reactions occur at different speeds in different temperatures. I’ve learnt that if the temperature is high reactions will take place much more quickly and the particles will collide more often. The table and graphs prove my theory. The Calculator was used for calculating the average of the times that was recorded for the reactions to happen. The Beaker was used to mix the chemicals for the reaction to take place. The Stop watch was used for timing how long it took for the reaction to happen. Method - For this experiment I first set up the apparatus with the apparatus that is shown above. - I then poured 5lm of HCL into a conical flask. - I then measured 10 ml of sodium thiosulphate, - I then I added it to the 5 ml of HCL. - I recorded how long it took for the reaction to take place, which was how long it took for the X to disappear. - With the times that I recorded from the experiment, I calculated an average. - I then repeated the experiment at 3 different temperatures. Factors and Fair Test To make this a fair test I: - Kept the amount and concentration of the chemicals the same. - Varied the temperatures to find out how long it would take for a reaction to happen at different temperatures - Did each experiment at each temperature three times to make the experiment more fair. I also calculated an average, this reduces any anomalous data. Conclusion - My results show that the hotter the reactants the faster the reaction. - This happened because the particles move more quickely and collide more often as stated in the collision theory. - The experiment proved my prediction correct which was based upon the

Achilles Essay -- essays research papers

From the very beginning of the poem, the character Achilles is one of the major foci of the story. His actions of lack of actions have enormous effects upon how the plot unfolds. Starting with the fight with Agamemnon and his withdrawal from the battle, to the death of Patroklos, and finally to the slaying of Hektor, Achilles and his emotions decide the fate of many Greek and Trojan warriors. It is his struggle against his anger, pride, loyalty, and love that make this poem one of a tragic nature, rather than just a gruesome account of a war. Although the reputation of Achilles claims him to be the perfect warrior, strongest of the Greeks, the poem spends more time on the man than on his reputation. I think the most obvious presentation of this occurs in the final book and is consistent with the character earlier in the poem. I believe the most speculation about inconsistencies in Achilles’ character would center on his savageness towards the Trojans, especially Hektor, after the death of Patroklos, and his sensitivity towards Priam’s plea for his son’s body. It could be considered odd that Achilles is so understanding to Priam and the burial of Priam’s son, when not that long ago Achilles was dragging the body of Hektor around the grave of Patroklos. This is the same corpse that Achilles vowed to feed to the dogs, the man who slew Achilles’ dearest companion and led him to swallow his pride and return to the battlefield. I believe that this is not the same Achilles we saw ... Achilles Essay -- essays research papers From the very beginning of the poem, the character Achilles is one of the major foci of the story. His actions of lack of actions have enormous effects upon how the plot unfolds. Starting with the fight with Agamemnon and his withdrawal from the battle, to the death of Patroklos, and finally to the slaying of Hektor, Achilles and his emotions decide the fate of many Greek and Trojan warriors. It is his struggle against his anger, pride, loyalty, and love that make this poem one of a tragic nature, rather than just a gruesome account of a war. Although the reputation of Achilles claims him to be the perfect warrior, strongest of the Greeks, the poem spends more time on the man than on his reputation. I think the most obvious presentation of this occurs in the final book and is consistent with the character earlier in the poem. I believe the most speculation about inconsistencies in Achilles’ character would center on his savageness towards the Trojans, especially Hektor, after the death of Patroklos, and his sensitivity towards Priam’s plea for his son’s body. It could be considered odd that Achilles is so understanding to Priam and the burial of Priam’s son, when not that long ago Achilles was dragging the body of Hektor around the grave of Patroklos. This is the same corpse that Achilles vowed to feed to the dogs, the man who slew Achilles’ dearest companion and led him to swallow his pride and return to the battlefield. I believe that this is not the same Achilles we saw ...

Hefty Hardware Essay

After reading Hefty hardware case study, I came up with the following analysis for this case: It is very clear that there is communication issues between the business and IT, there is no connection between the IT department and other business departments. To build good relationship between the IT Department and the Business department, the four foundation blocks needed, Competence, credibility, interpersonal interaction, and trust, which all are not considered between the departments. (McKeen & Smith, 2012). The business manager feels that the IT don’t have the enough competence for finding solution for solving business problems. And this is normal because the IT do not have the enough knowledge about Hefty Hardware business process and goals. The very important block in building good relationship between the IT and business department which is the interpersonal interaction is not available and usually the meetings getting failed because the IT people don’t understand the business talk and not ready to understand, also the business managers do not understand the technical talk when the IT start explaining the technical aspects of the solution. Hefty Hardware do not has solid foundation and good relationship between the IT and the Business department, and this issue became the main problem that Hefty should deal with it to make sure that the current and future projects will success. Also it is important that the IT department spend the enough time to explain their plan to support the business functions and make sure that they will work to achieve the organization goals. There is no information sharing between the departments or even between the executives because of the lack of communication. Information sharing will help in reach common goal which will help the organization to be more efficient and productive. Mr. Vogel suggestion was very good to have two from IT and business department travel together as this will improve the relationship between the two departments and make better understanding for the organization goals and will give them the chance to see how Hefty stores operate. The IT department seems to be understaffed and under budget, as Farzad was complaining that he cannot send some IT staff because they have a lot of work to do at the head quarter, the IT department is mainly to perform the support and keep the network and the systems stable but they don’t have the ability to think strategically. In order for the IT and the business can work collaboratively to deliver the Savvy Store program  successfully the below recommendations need to be considered: 1- Hefty Hardware should invest in building a good relationship between the IT and Business department this can be achieved by conducting team building training program where both department can interact and work together. As this will build a trusting and functional environment. 2- Developing the communication skills for Hefty employees and between the different departments, which will help in implementing successful projects. 3- IT and Business managers should work together for removing any communication obstacles to have a successful communication going. (Gartenstein, 2012). By having a weekly meetings which will strengthen the communication more . 4- Interpersonal interaction between the IT and business departments should be improved in the meetings, as most of the time the business team feel that they are lost as then don’t understand the technical points, this can be achieved by train the IT team to improve their communication skills and let then have the ability to communicate with non-technical people (which is not easy) and explain to them in simple way. Visual presentation may help in explaining the technical concepts . 5- Business team should also share the organization business needs and goals with the IT team to let them understand how is the business going and what is the goals of the company. By this cooperation, the gap between the two departments will be bridged and both teams will be able to think more efficiently in finding solutions that will enhance customer experience and will implement competitive solutions. 6- Outsourcing the projects that need to be immediately implemented and do not trouble the IT department while they are overloaded and don’t have enough staff. 7- The Time management & Planning is very important for both departments, the organization should invest in having them trained in time management and planning, which will help them in doing the work efficiently and on time. 8- Do a market research for the same industry and try to implement a competitive solutions that will be a very good advantage for the organization. 9- Hiring more IT staff as the CIO is understaffed and has no ability to accept any new system development, so as to be able to work on Savvy store program. 10- The corporate should not be disconnected from the retail shops. References: McKeen, J. and Heather, S. (2011) IT Strategy – Issues and Practices. 2nd Edition. ISBN-10: 0132145669. Boston: Prentice Hall. Gartenstein, D. (2012, January). Solutions for effective communication. Retrieved from eHow Family website: http://www.ehow.com/way_5765631_solutions-effective-communication.html. Baum, J. (2011, March 18). Team building exercises in the workplace. Retrieved from Livestrong website: http://www.livestrong.com/article/221732-team-building-exercises-in-the-workplace/.

Crime and Mental Illness Essay

de tryation and psychical Illness gate dash The increase of execration over the familys, has guide to various assumptions on the ca ingestions of these rapid escalations in villainy. Hence, experts including shrinks wee-wee been operated in this debate. Experts take been involved in the contention as to whether genial unhinges and their symptoms stick out a institutionalise influence on the tendency to take out offensive among the related hoi polloi. The purpose of this musical theme is to consider the generic question active whether intellectual disease is signifi masstly correspond to nuisance with particular reference to the issues associated with abnormal psychology and rhetorical psychopathology. This paper willing for the first time explore the relationship amidst affable disorder symptoms and crimes as well as establish whether on that point is a civilize relationship between symptoms of psychological malady and iniquitousity. noetic disorders , especially anxiety disorders, bipolar disorders and insane disorders will be discussed and considered in relation to their link to wrongity. In the UK, query has shown that affable health asks of childly offenders atomic number 18 non existenceness met, callable to the neglect of expertise and resources in the shackles system (The psychological health Foundation, 2002). As much(prenominal), this evidence aims to analyse and critique how the detained callowness atomic number 18 diagnosed in psychological medicine preponderantly focusing on the potential design of psychological medicine in alleviating the cordial health unwellnesses amongst the four-year-old offenders in the young system.Crime and moral distemper symptoms In the UK, studies call fored crap shown that In the UK, look has shown that the prevalence prize of kind health problems among the early days in the oecumenical population ranges at 13% for the girls and 10 percent for the boys . On the natural(prenominal) hand, the prevalence rate of teens with psychological disorders in the vicious justness system ranges from 25 to 81 percent (The Mental health Foundation, 2002). While m whatsoever searches gull been order towards investigating psychic disorder as the cause of crime, the policy makers flip as well assumed that the metal malady symptoms have a direct touchedness to the crimes pull (Torrey, 2011). Hence, programs that have been initiated to remedy this situation have always operated under the assumption that medicament and affable health interference will reduce the woeful bearing (Skeem, Manchak & Peterson, 2011). On the several(prenominal)(prenominal) otherwise hand, some researchers have suggested a novel approach where studies ar apportioned on dickens groups of offenders adept group entails a small group of savage offenders whose psychogenic nausea symptoms relate directly to their crime and a larger group of offenders where their crimes do not relate to their reprehensible bearing (Swanson et al., 2008 Skeem et al., 2011). The expirations of this studies indicated that for the smaller group of offenders, access to noetic unsoundness medical treatment guide on to reduced retrogress into criminal carriage. On the other hand, studies conducted the larger group whose criminal actions were not directly connected to kind illness showed that interventions conducted to go beyond the treatment of intellectual illness symptoms if the criminal nicety outcomes was to be improved. Hence, the approach of tr ingest affable health symptoms as a way of reducing criminal behavior relapse should not be applied indiscriminately. in that location should be a distinctions between these two groups maven group with offender whose criminal behavior was motivate by genial health symptoms and the other group whose criminal behavior is not directly cerebrate to cordial health symptoms.Definitions of direc t relationships between rational illness symptoms and criminal behavior harmonise to the UK law, element 1(2) of the Mental flirt 2007, the rational disorders recognise embarrass eating disorders, character disorders, autistic spectrum disorders and psychical illnesses ( much(prenominal) as bi-polar disorder, schizophrenia, low and nurture disorders). Before matchless fire consider the how offenders atomic number 18 motivated by mental illness symptoms to transport crimes, one should first consider the description of links between the mental illness symptoms and the criminal behavior. Hence, if on that point is enough take the stand that the suspect or defendant is injury from significant mental illness, the prosecution whitethorn not be appropriate lest the crime perpetrate is solid and there is a graduate(prenominal) possibility of the offender repetition the crime (The Crown Prosecution Service, 2014). According to the section two, part three of the Mental wellness Act which adds a new subsection 1(2A) to the 1983 Mental wellness Act, learning disability is interpreted as the unelaborated development of the mind including social impediment and social agencying. Under this Act, alcohol or drug dependence is not categorised under the mental disorder. However, the mental illness that argon as a result of the use or the stopping of drug use be included in the interpretation of mental disorder. Under this section of the UK constitution, immoral conduct and knowledgeable deviancy are not included in mental disorders because they are not clinically recognized to be mental disorders. Despite the reasoned definition of passionateness, just about respective(prenominal)s put in to be guilty due to mental insanity have been launch to be originally diagnosed with schizophrenia and were suffering from the symptoms of psychosis during the time that the crime was affiliated (Callahan et al., 1991). This is because the symptoms of psyc hosis ( much(prenominal) as evoke and impulsivity) are a direct indicator of dangerous mental illness and the symptoms of schizophrenia, including hallucinations and delusions, alter an individuals sense of reality, hence motive criminal behavior (McNiel, Eisner & Binder, 2009 Douglas, Guy & Hart, 2009). look on the correlation between mental health symptoms and criminal behaviour galore(postnominal) researches, including forensic research, have been concentrating on the connection between mental disorder and criminal behaviour. Monahan et al. (2001), conducts a cogitation which involves more than one thousand psychiatric patients, focusing on the agency psychosis plays during the precedent of the wild concomitant. Predominantly, patients were asked whether they go through episodes of hallucinations or all the same delusions while the violent incidents transpired. The results indicated that plainly 12% of the patients were experiencing mental illness symptoms at the time t he violent incident occurred. Peterson et al. (2010) besides conducted a similar cultivation involving one coulomb and twelve parolees with mental illness compared to one hundred and ball club other parolees who were not suffering from mental illnesses. Based on the information gathered through interviews and records, the offend patterns were drawn. The research go outings showed that the emotionally reactive pattern of offending was plebeian for more or less of the offenders, whether suffering from mental illness or not. On further probe of the offenders with mental illness, the results indicated that only 5% of the parolees committed crimes as an outcome of their psychotic symptoms. Junginger et al. (2006) incorporate the use of a broader definition of the symptoms of metal disorder. They conducted their study on one hundred and thirteen individuals arrested while suffering from symptoms of mental illness and other disorders of substance pensionable for the jail divers ion schedule. Their findings indicated that only 4% of the offenders had been arrested for committing crimes directly relating to psychosis while another 4% of the offenders were arrested for crimes that were not directly related to psychosis symptoms such as feeling, confusion, fussiness and thought disorder. It is, however, not clear how symptoms such as irritability are distinguished from normative genius characters and the emotional features found among offenders without mental disorders.The encumbrance in distinguishing between Symptoms and Traits The symptom of mental disorder and normative bump grammatical constituents for crime becomes hard to distinguish once the mental illness symptoms are broadened beyond psychosis. Anger, for theoretical account is iron promising related to psychosis symptoms (hallucinations and delusions), symptoms of record disorders (which includes emotional stability), symptoms of mood disorders ( crossness attacks and irritability) and symp toms of post-traumatic stress disorder (Novaco, 2011). On the other hand, anger is also a fundamental charitable emotion that is also a dynamic risk factor for criminal military group among both the general offenders and psychiatric patients (Gardner et al., 1996). In another study involving one hundred and thirty-two subjects, Skeem et al. (2006) findings indicated that anger is a strong indicator of predicted violence, as opposed to other symptoms that were related to mental malady (such as delusions). Hence, approaching anger as a mental illness symptom risks making a human emotion appear as a symptom of a sober mental illness. Another example of a knotty distinction involves impulsivity which is related to particular symptoms of bipolar disease including being easily confuse and excessive indulgent in acceptable activities which has a possibility of a torturous outcome (American psychiatrical Association, 2000). Hence, impulsivity is a customary for people suffering fr om bipolar disease as compared to the general population (Jimenez et al., 2012). On the other hand, impulsivity is a label ballpark in the criteria for diagnosing antisocial somebodyality disorder (American Psychiatric Association, 2000) and has been proved to be one of the strongest predictors of criminal acts among both jejunes and adults (Kruger et al. 2007). Hence, it is trying to distinguish whether impulsivity is a normative psycheality trait or a serious mental illness symptom.Mental illnesses and their symptoms anxiety disorder involves a tendency of individuals to be withdrawn and avoid confrontation with other people. People with anxiety disorders exhibit heightened anxiety, pertain and fear that this constant and overwhelming in a way that is crippling. Types of anxiety disorders includes little terror disorders, social anxiety disorders, certain phobias towards a specific situation or reject and generalized anxiety disorder where a person has excessive worry le vel when there is nothing that has provoked anxiety. A person with panic disorder is overwhelmed with a feeling of terror without warning has other symptoms such as chest pain, strong and irregular heartbeats and a feeling of being choked. General symptoms of anxiety disorders include problems with sleeping, panic, fear, precipitousness of breath, the inability to stay calm, dry mouth, muscle-builder tension, nausea, dizziness and shortness of breath. While research has indicated that the offspring with anxiety are little likely to be involved in obstreperous tendencies (Connor, 2002), those with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) have a significant susceptibility to reacting aggressively to threats and in an unexpected manner (Charney et al. 1993). On the other hand, those with posttraumatic disorder combined with conduct disorder (involving antisocial tendencies) were also found to be more aggressive and impetuous as compared with individuals with conduct disorder only ( Cauffman, 1998). Bipolar disorder involves mood swings ranging from feelings of depression to mania. Bipolar disorder is divided into several(prenominal) categories depending on the patterns of symptoms exhibited by the patient. Bipolar I disorder entails mood swings which lead to change magnitude hassle in a persons study, school or relationships and wild episodes can be serious. Bipolar II disorder is less serious compared to bipolar I. It involves symptoms such as elevated moods, with some minimal adjustments to the functioning of a person still the he or she can conduct the normal routine. In this case, one experiences hypomania instead of a full mania. Hypomania is a less severe form of mania compared to full mania. The third type of bipolar disorder is known as cyclothymic disorder with is the mild form of bipolar disorders. In this case, a person experiences hypomania & depression that can be disruptive, but the highs and lows are not as serious as the bipolar I and II d isorders. almost symptoms involving the manic or hypo-manic stage of bipolar disorder include Euphoria, poor judgment, aggressive tendencies, risky behavior, racing thoughts, increasing fill to achieve goals, irritability and psychosis. The depressive stage of bipolar disorder includes excessive sadness, hopelessness, suicidal behavior, fatigue, difficulty in concentrating, irritability, guilty and poor mathematical operation at school or the workplace (Mayo Clinic Staff, 2015). The highs and lows experience by patients can lead them to perform criminal activities especially when they are excessively depressed and easily slopped and can respond to the actions of other members of the association in a way that is harmful. psycho disorders include thought disturbances involving unusual interpretations of happenings. insane disorders alter the ability of a person to make rational judgments, think cl archeozoic, render reality, communicate well and behave in the appropriate manne r. Patients with severe symptoms of psychotic disorders find it difficult to stay in emergency with reality and as such, they can bring in criminal activities veritable(a) without realizing that what they are doing is wrong. Schizophrenia is one type of psychotic disorder where patients experience changes in behavior and encounter hallucinations and delusions with can last for even more than half a year which greatly diminishes their function and increases their susceptibility to commit crime even without realizing it. psychiatry psychological medicine is a speciality that deals with the treatment, diagnosis and cake of mental disorders. On the other hand, a mental disorder is a mental anomaly that causes one to not function properly in society. Forensic psychiatry deals with the treatment of criminal offenders with mental disorders. in that location is evidence of individuals with mental health illnesses all being segregated for help or containment for hundreds of years now. Hoswells (1975) recounts that a psychiatric care of the mentally ill was being practices in the health facilities in Islamic countries as early as the 8th light speed and India this practice implemented as early as the 10th century. Hospitals dedicated for people with mental health problems in England were put forward even as early as the Middle Ages, as evidenced by the Bethlem Hospital which was built in 1247. anterior treatments of individuals with mental illnesses involved the use of surround therapy, counseling among other archaic methods. The novel of modern psychiatry began with the introduction of rule to protect the rights of individuals with mental illness. The Mental Health Act introduced in 1983 was introduced to protect the rights of detained patients with mental illnesses.Psychiatry and the detained juveniles with mental illnesses Psychiatry presents the outgo methods in treating mental disorders especially among the youth who have a higher see of being reforme d as compared to adults with mental illnesses. However, following the findings showing a high prevalence rate of mental illnesses among the youth within the correctional institutions, improvements must be implemented if the detained youth are to bear complete behavioral rehabilitation (Odgers et al., 2005). The juvenile offenders in the justice system bespeak supplementary oversight given their exposure to mental health problems. Research has shown that most of the juvenile offenders have more disorders that can be easily diagnosed if close attention is given to them. While many researchers resist on the number of juveniles with diagnosable disorders, the section lies between 50- 70% of the total young population (Colins et al., 2010). Research shows that due to the lack of attention given by the justice authorities, juveniles suffer from more than one mental disorder, with the fe phallic juveniles being more lean to mental health illnesses compare to the male juveniles (Schu bert & Mulvey, 2014). Howard et al. 2013) conducted a study to explore some factors that would lead to increased criminal recidivism among forensic patients. The findings of their study indicated that those who had endured a severe puerility disorders and drug dependence during adolescence were more likely to engage in rescind to their criminal behavioral patterns as compared to those who did not engage in neither puerility conduct disorders nor drug dependence. As such, forensic psychiatrist should consider the past experiences of their patients if they are to successfully rehabilitate their patients. High risk patients who have a past experience of puerility conduct disorders and drug dependence should be monitored carefully monitored and given enough gage in order to control their induce to engage into criminal activities after being released from a controlled environment to the community. While the youth with mental illnesses only commit a small fraction of the delinquencies i n the community, they are at high risk of offending or re-offending as compared to the youth in the general population. Hence, more research admit to be conducted to inform more stiff policies to respond appropriately. Particularly, the processing of juveniles in the justice system should be improved so as to rate the youth with searing mental health needs. As such, evidence-based psychiatry go should be incorporated to identify the juveniles who may be in need of long term mental health support. The screening results should then be put down to provide information that is required for intend and resource development (Grisso, 2008).Conclusion This essay highlighted the relationship between criminality and mental illnesses at length and it was found that there was a significant relationship but the breath of the definition of mental disorder was a key factor when evaluating this relationship. It was found that some symptoms of mental illness such as depression, confusion, irrit ability or even thought disorder are not directly related to crime committed given that they can also be categorized as normal personality traits. Hence the breath of the definition of mental illness is key in determine its correlation with crime. This relationship was also evaluated from a legal point of view when find whether to prosecute offenders with mental illnesses and it was established that such offender should only be prosecuted if there is a high possibility of committing the crime again. Under the UK law, mental disorder is any disability of the mind and does not include alcohol dependence, immoral conduct nor sexual deviancy. This research essay also discussed psychiatry and it role in treating the detained youth with mental illnesses. While psychiatry presents one of the most effective methods of treating mental illnesses among detained youths, the high prevalence rates of mental illnesses in the juvenile justice systems indicate the need for research based methods i n psychiatry services so as to isolate the juvenile who may be in need of long term mental health support. This is because, this group of juveniles pose the highest risk of repeating the crimes they committed with released into the community.ReferencesAmerican Psychiatric Association. (2000). symptomatic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fourth ed., text revision (DSMIVTR). Arlington, VA American Psychiatric Association.Cauffman, E. et al. (1998). Posttraumatic essay Disorder among young-bearing(prenominal) new Offenders. diary of the American honorary society of babe and Adolescent Psychiatry 37, 1209-16.Charney, D. et al. (1993). Psychobiological Mechanisms of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder. 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